We have been interested in elucidating the relationship between population dynamics and livelihood changes in Laos. Therefore, our project team has carried out surveys of fertility, mortality, marriage, migration, education, marital relations, economics and farmland holdings at the household level since 2013.
In the previous research project which conducted intensive field research at a small-scale rain-fed paddy village in Savannakhet Province, we clarified that history of residents’ livelihood activities to deal with the population increase. As a result, the residents did not make an effort to increase food production and to raise productivity such as intensification or mechanization of agriculture, but actively engaged in migrant work to Thailand for earning cash income since the 1980s. Residents purchased paddies from neighboring villages with money earned by migrant works, and were trying to balance self-sufficiency and cash income by further reducing the apparent population in the village.
In addition to this, the fertility rate has declined as a result of family planning being implemented by the public authority since 1996, and the population has declined from 2005. Along with the public authority measures, temporary migration to Thailand can be regarded as a factor of family planning penetration, because women migrants were difficult to have a baby while working in Thailand.
However, since temporary migration to Thailand is not so common in northern Laos, we still do not understand how residents cope with population increase there.
The objective of our study is to comprehensively understand the relationship among population dynamics, reproduction and livelihood in northern Laos, besides the small traditional community in southern Laos where cash income by migrant works in Thailand is outstanding.
National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute (NAFRI), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Lao P.D.R.
National Institute of Public Health (NIOPH), Ministry of Health, Lao P.D.R.
Department of Geography, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University
Fro-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Prof. Satoshi YOKOYAMA
+81-52-789-4749
s-yokoyama[at]nagoya-u.jp